Nouns

Masculine nouns usually have one of the endings: -y, -i, -e and -ie.

Topic is the main part of the noun that usually does not change.

1. When topic is ending with -b, -p, -d, -t, -f, -w, -ch, -ł, -m, -n, -r, -s, -z the plural of a word should end in -y.

kot (cat) —> koty

2. When topic is ending with -dzi/-dź, -ci/-ć, -j, -l, ni/-ń, -si/-ś, -zi/-ź, -dz, -dż, -c, -cz, -rz, -ż, -sz; the plural of a word should end with -e.

talerz (plate) —> talerze

Adjectives

Adjectives usually have an ending -e or -ie (after k and g).

dobry (good) —> dobre
czarny (black) —> czarne

szafa —> szafy
chleb —> chleby


pieróg —> pierogi
próg —> progi


mebel —> meble
lekarz —> lekarze


polski —> polskie
duży —> duże